Demineralisation plant is used for different industrial water process applications. Demineralized water also known as deionized water, that is formed by the process of removing minerals and salts from the water by using the methods of ion-exchange. This water is preferably used in the making of quality cosmetic products and medicines because it does not have harmful substances, such as chlorine, sulphates, and various metal ions, which is generally present in the plain water. In the automotive industry deionized water is utilized for cleaning solution for the removal of dirt from car windows and surfaces. Similarly, when the level of water goes down below the normal in car lead-acid batteries they also need distilled water.
Operating Principle of Demineralisation Water Plant:
Two-bed Deionization: The two-bed deionizer consists of two vessels one containing a ion-exchange resin in the hydrogen form and the other containing an anion resin in the hydroxyl form. Water flows through the cation column, whereas all the cations are exchanged with hydrogen ions. To keep the water electrically balanced, for every monovalent cation, one hydrogen ion is exchanged and for every divalent cation, two hydrogen ions are exchanged. The deionized water then flows through the anion column. This time, all the negatively charged ions are exchanged for hydroxide ions which then combine with the hydrogen ions to form water.
Mixed Bed Deionization: In this process the ion-exchange and anion-exchange resins are intimately mixed and contained in a single pressure vessel. The thorough mixture of cation-exchangers and anion-exchangers in a single column makes a mixed-bed deionizer equivalent to a lengthy series of two-bed plants. As a result, the water quality obtained from a mixed-bed deionizer is appreciably higher than that produced by a two-bed plant. Mixed-bed deionizers are normally used to polish the water to higher levels of purity. Mixed-bed plants are more sensitive to impurities in the water supply and involve a more complicated regeneration process.
Demineralisation water plant is a technology that provides a better way for the treatment of water. It produces mineral free water by operating on the principles of ion exchange, degasification and polishing. The water produced by the process of deionization is superior in quality and are used in distinctive fields such as steam, power and cooling industries. A deionized water plant come in variety of sizes that varies from laboratory equipments to large scale industries. By using this technology all the heavy metals can be easily removed from the tap water, further that is better to use in complex industrial processes.